10 questions ยท Form 2 Science Bab 13: Meteoroid, Asteroid, Comet
Which atmospheric layer protects Earth by burning up the majority of small incoming meteoroids?
Prefer reading to quizzing? All 10 questions are listed below with the answer and explanation under each one.
1. Which atmospheric layer protects Earth by burning up the majority of small incoming meteoroids?
Answer: C
Most meteoroids disintegrate due to intense atmospheric friction within the mesosphere (50 to 85 km above Earth's surface).
2. Which celestial body is often described as a 'dirty snowball' due to its composition?
Answer: C
Comets are colloquially termed 'dirty snowballs' because they consist of frozen ice mixed with cosmic dust and dirt.
3. Where is the primary Asteroid Belt located in our Solar System?
Answer: B
The Asteroid Belt is located in the region between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
4. What primary materials compose a comet?
Answer: B
Comets are composed of frozen gases (water ice, methane, ammonia, carbon dioxide), dust, and rocky debris.
5. What is another common term used by astronomers for asteroids?
Answer: B
Asteroids are often referred to as minor planets or planetoids because they are rocky bodies orbiting the Sun that are smaller than major planets.
6. Why do meteor showers occur periodically on Earth?
Answer: A
Meteor showers occur when Earth intersects the orbital stream of dust particles left behind along a comet's historical trail.
7. What force causes asteroids to occasionally shift out of the Asteroid Belt onto potential Earth-collision trajectories?
Answer: B
Jupiter's massive gravitational pull causes orbital resonances that can nudge asteroids out of the main belt into Earth-crossing orbits.
8. What feature is formed on Earth's crust when a large meteorite strikes the ground at hypervelocity?
Answer: B
Hypervelocity meteorite collisions blast away surface rock, excavating a bowl-shaped impact crater.
9. In which direction does a comet's tail ALWAYS point as it orbits near the Sun?
Answer: B
Solar wind and radiation pressure push gas and dust particles away from the Sun, making the comet's tail always point directly away from the Sun.
10. Where do most long-period comets originate from in the distant reaches of the Solar System?
Answer: C
Comets originate from distant outer icy regions of the Solar System: the Kuiper Belt and the spherical Oort Cloud.